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Browse the crowdsourced global catalogue of business models empowering energy efficiency in the built environment world. Navigate, learn and download. Should you feel like a listed business model is wrongly explained, lacks reference, or you simply have something to comment on, feel free to engage in a discussion by clicking on the specific business model name. This will redirect to the business model passport where the community forum takes place improving the description accuracy to harmonise and standardise a shared definition.
| Business Model Name | Description | Customer Class | Mechanism for response | Remuneratgion or Compensation | Entities and Roles | Enabling Legislation/regulaiton | Asset Class | Used Technology | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| From Energy community to a cooperative retailer | Plus energy neighborhoods or energy communities have the potential to … | Any building complex Building cooperatives Multi Apartment complex | Common energy management decisions Self balancing of energy within the neighborhood or energy community | bill savings, fairer energy price | Energy communities Barriers on Retailer size entry to the market | Privately Owned | Distributed Ledger Technology / Blockchain, Machine learning / Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things - IoT / Smart metering | www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378778818330378 | |
| Local Energy Markets for smart buildings | The development of plus energy buildings along with the digitalization … | Any building or end-user. Prosumers | Bill savings Better pricing on surplus PV Higher levels of self-suffiency at the local / community level | Energy communities Electricity Market designs | Social Housing, Privately Owned, Industrial buildings | Distributed Ledger Technology / Blockchain, Machine learning / Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things - IoT / Smart metering, Other | www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306261918311590?via%3Dihub | ||
| Rewarding surplus energy by creating innovative marketplaces | Plus energy neighborhoods will require new business models that reward … | All building types | Aggregator energy system Bidding strategy | Better market price for renewable energy surplus at the community/neighborhood level | No enabling regulation | Social Housing, Privately Owned, Rental | Distributed Ledger Technology / Blockchain, Machine learning / Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things - IoT / Smart metering | ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7582518 | |
| Buildings Flexibility Services | With more variable renewable sources (wind and solar) in the … | Any building with some flexibility assets | Price Signal | Revenues for providing flexibility | TSO/DSO: need for flexibility Aggregators: pooling flexibility | Social Housing, Privately Owned, Rental | Distributed Ledger Technology / Blockchain, Machine learning / Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things - IoT / Smart metering | www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666792421000469 | |
| Shared Energy Assets | Common centralized energy units (battery, district heating, joint thermal storage, … | Neighborhood Community | joint energy system management | bill savings | Machine learning / Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things - IoT / Smart metering | www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378778821000219 | |||
| Smart-Energy Operating-Systems (SE-OS) | A framework for data-driven demand response using a hierarchy of … | Residential, Industry, Commercial, Water handling, district heating, DSOs, BRPs, .... | Price-based control established as a hierarchy of purpose/problem specific controllers and model predictive controllers at the end-user level. | Incentive-based | Aggregators to end-users, DSO's, specialized aggregators, BRPs | Built around a trusted data-sharing data space which put priorities in cyber security and in enpowering the customers such that they are able to provide flexibility without being subject to disproportionate technical requirements, administrative requirements, procedures and charges. | Social Housing, Privately Owned, Other | Machine learning / Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things - IoT / Smart metering | orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/smart-energy-operating-system-a-framework-for-implementing-flexib |
| Heating-as-a-Service | The business model reduces the upfront investment in heat pumps, … | residental, public, industrial | ? | lowering consumption, higher uptime for installation, and better performance | the company taking care of the heat pump handles everything | Social Housing, Privately Owned, Rental | Machine learning / Artificial Intelligence | www.bestgreen.dk/ | |
| Retrofitting management entity | This business model is based on aggregated building demand of … | Residential, multi-family | aiguasol.coop/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Residential_Retrofits.pdf | ||||||
| Institut Balear de l’Energia (IBE) | The Institut Balear de l’Energia (IBE) is a public entity … | Residential, multi-family, business | www.caib.es/seucaib/es/organigrama/3828756 | ||||||
| Small-scale demand response | This business model control small scale consumers like private household … | ideas.repec.org/a/eee/enepol/v92y2016icp348-358.html | |||||||
| Energy-as-a-service (EaaS) | Energy-as-a-service (EaaS) is a business model whereby customers pay for … | www.rff.org/publications/issue-briefs/energy-service-business-model-expanding-deployment-low-carbon-technologies/ | |||||||
| Virtual power plants (VPP) | This business model represents the distributed equivalent of centralized power … | Machine learning / Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things - IoT / Smart metering | dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910801006 | ||||||
| Powerplant optimization | The business model of temporal optimization of large power plant … | dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.02.036 | |||||||
| Smart utility in a box solution provider | The provider sells a white label software solution to an … | doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122083 | |||||||
| Distributed Energy Resources (DER) Aggregator | The DER Aggregator provides flexibility services for the grid by … | www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2019/Feb/IRENA_Innovation_Aggregators_2019.PDF | |||||||
| Smart Energy Plan Provider | The Smart Energy Plan Provider offers innovative energy supply plans … | www2.deloitte.com/us/en/insights/industry/power-and-utilities/smart-energy-management.html | |||||||
| P2P Energy Platform Operator | The P2P Energy Platform Operator is a service-oriented archetype which … | dx.doi.org/10.20944/preprints202008.0266.v1 | |||||||
| Smart EV Charging System Provider | The Smart EV Charging System Provider sells, rents, leases mart … | pod-point.com/guides/business/ev-charging-business-models | |||||||
| Smart Microgeneration and storage provider | The smart microgeneration and storage provider sells, rents, leases intelligent … | ec.europa.eu/research/participants/documents/downloadPublic?documentIds=080166e5beef84de&appId=PPGMS | |||||||
| Smart Energy Management System Provider | The smart energy management system provider sells, rents, leases smart … | doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122083 | |||||||
| Demand Response (DR) | Demand response (DR) encompasses a large category of technologies and … | doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124539 |